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Monday, December 23, 2019

Quiz: Can You Identify These Politicians, Athletes and Celebrities? Most Americans Can't. - The New York Times

Nearly all Americans say they have heard of Joe Biden. But most under age 40 can’t identify him when shown his picture.

And older people might not have heard of the YouTube stars PewDiePie or Jeffree Star, but they are more familiar to teenagers than any of the current Democratic presidential candidates.

These are some findings of a recent nationally representative online survey of 6,000 adults and teenagers conducted by Morning Consult for The New York Times. Like this quiz, that survey asked respondents to identify prominent public figures when given only a photograph.

Some of the results were straightforward: Nearly all of the respondents correctly identified Donald J. Trump and Barack Obama. Those who didn’t tended to answer with generic phrases like “very good” or “a moron,” suggesting at least a certain level of familiarity. For other notable people, success rates varied, particularly by age.

Below, six takeaways from our survey:

Which Democratic Presidential Candidates Were Recognized Most, by Generation

Although Mr. Biden leads national Democratic primary polls, Mr. Sanders was the most recognizable of all the candidates, particularly among younger Americans. More than 45 percent of respondents 13 to 22 were able to identify him, while about 21 percent recognized Mr. Biden. (The respondent panels used by Morning Consult in this survey included a group of Americans 13 to 17, who can be hard to poll. According to Morning Consult, this age group is less likely to opt into online polls and might benefit from simpler polling language.)

168 Ways Respondents Spelled “Buttigieg”

beittaga

bellegrieb

belligeg

bertigge

betagig

betiguge

bettieg

bettigeg

bettirogh

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The Morning Consult survey asked respondents to type their answers into a text field, producing a much wider range of responses than a multiple-choice survey would. Understandably, respondents misspelled hundreds of entries. For example, Beyoncé was identified as “beyoncee”, “beonyce,” “beyounce” and “beyoncye”, among dozens of variations.

Few public figures had as much spelling variance as Pete Buttigieg, the Democratic presidential candidate and mayor of South Bend, Ind. Of the respondents who appeared to try to spell “Buttigieg,” less than a third did so correctly. We counted these misspellings as correct, both in that representative survey and in this reader quiz. And we also accepted Mayor Pete or just Pete.

(We accepted first names or last names for everyone. We also accepted titles that could apply to a single person, like “President of Russia” or “Amazon CEO.”)

The accompanying table shows 167 ways respondents mistyped Mr. Buttigieg’s name, alongside the correct version.

Pronouncing the mayor’s name, which is of Maltese origin, is a different kind of test.

The Bloomberg Ad Buy in Action

Nov. 21-22 (n = 734)

Nov. 27-29 (n = 690)

Dec. 2-4 (n = 530)

Nov. 21-22 (n = 734)

Nov. 27-29 (n = 690)

Dec. 2-4 (n = 530)

The survey coincided with a major advertising push by Michael Bloomberg. From Nov. 23 through Dec. 1, advertisements supporting Mr. Bloomberg blanketed television, airing 19,006 times and costing an estimated $23.7 million, according to data from Kantar/Campaign Media Analysis Group. He effectively outspent the entire Democratic field in a single week.

The share of respondents who correctly identified later grew to 28 percent, from about 18 percent.

In absolute terms, the share of Americans who could correctly identify Mr. Bloomberg remained much lower than for top-tier candidates, especially in the Midwest. But his shift represents the biggest in this data among any Democratic presidential candidate over this period.

Deval Patrick, who entered the race around the same time as Mr. Bloomberg, did not fare as well in the survey. About 3 percent were able to identify him. Almost the same number of people thought Mr. Patrick was Cory Booker.

Who’s Most Recognizable by Generation

Some public figures were correctly identified at similar rates across age groups. Mark Zuckerberg was about as recognizable to Americans over 65 as he was to those 13 to 22. But more typically, success rates varied a lot depending on the age of the respondent.

More than 61 percent of Americans 13 to 22 correctly identified PewDiePie, a Swedish Youtube star and comedian. That rate declined with each generation. Fewer than 1 percent of respondents over age 55 identified him correctly.

Differences in response by age also worked in the opposite direction. About 90 percent of adults 55 to 73 could identify House Speaker Nancy Pelosi. But the younger the respondents were, on average, the worse they were at correctly identifying her. About 16 percent of respondents 13 to 22 identified her.

A Different Type of Recognition

↑ Percent of Americans correctly identifying a person
Percent who said they had heard of a person →

Most political polls ask respondents whether they have a favorable or unfavorable view of a candidate, or if they don't know enough to say. This question is often used as a measure of name recognition.

But being able to identify a person visually reflects a different connection than name recognition does.

Images offer particularly important information for voters, researchers say. Photographs, television broadcasts and ad campaigns impart cues about the candidates’ age, gender, race and personality. Those cues can stay with voters all the way to Election Day.

“When people encounter a new political candidate, that first glance is important for judgments that will follow,” said Susan Banducci, a political science professor at the University of Exeter in Britain. “It sets the stage on how you evaluate the candidate from then on.”

The Appeal of Celebrity

Visual impressions have limits. But recognition — at least of a certain type — has value.

Lauren Wright, a research scholar at Princeton who has written a book on celebrity candidates and whose work inspired some of the questions in this quiz, asked people whether they would support certain celebrities if they ran for office. In her study, she found that prominent political candidates edged out the most recognizable celebrities — but only by a small margin.

“It’s remarkable that, at baseline, celebrities start off with doing so well with very few qualifications and no active campaigning,” Ms. Wright said.

Mr. Wright says that celebrities are viewed so favorably in part because of the conditions in which they are introduced to the public. A catchy pop song, a memorable acting performance or an outstanding athletic achievement may leave the public feeling warm, without the conflict that comes from addressing divisive issues.

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December 23, 2019 at 05:08PM
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Quiz: Can You Identify These Politicians, Athletes and Celebrities? Most Americans Can't. - The New York Times
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